Mana Pools National Park !Mana Pools landscape with elephants Mana Pools National Park is a remote wilderness sanctuary along the Zambezi River in northern…
Mana Pools National Park is a remote wilderness sanctuary along the Zambezi River in northern Zimbabwe. This UNESCO World Heritage site and core of a larger biosphere reserve encompasses 2,196 square kilometers (848 square miles) of floodplains, riverine forests, and baobab-studded savanna.
The name “Mana” means “four” in the local Shona language, referring to the four main pools (Long, Chine, Chisambuk, and Mana) that remain from ancient river channels. These permanent water sources attract incredible concentrations of wildlife, especially during the dry season.
Mana Pools offers one of Africa’s most authentic wilderness experiences:
Walking safaris: One of the few parks in Africa where guided and (for experienced visitors) unguided walking is permitted
Pristine wilderness: Limited development and visitor numbers maintain a genuine wild atmosphere
Zambezi scenery: Spectacular river frontage with views across to Zambia’s Lower Zambezi National Park
Unique wildlife behaviors: Famous for its “standing elephants” that stretch to reach high tree branches
Canoeing safaris: Multi-day adventures paddling along the Zambezi River
Exceptional guides: Some of Zimbabwe’s most highly qualified guides operate in Mana Pools
Mana’s elephants are famous for standing on their hind legs to reach high branches. The legendary bull elephants like “Boswell” have passed this behavior to younger generations.
One of Africa’s best places to observe endangered African wild dogs, with several successful packs within the park.
Healthy populations of lions and leopards, with the open woodland offering excellent visibility for predator sightings.
Abundant in the Zambezi River and pools, sometimes numbering in the hundreds at prime locations.
In addition, look for buffalo herds, numerous antelope species (including the majestic greater kudu), zebras, and over 350 bird species.
Riverside Zone
The most accessible and popular area featuring:
Lush albida woodland attracting elephants, baboons, and impala
Permanent pools with hippos and waterbirds
High densities of predators following prey concentrations
Most camps and picnic sites located in this zone
Inland Floodplains
Moving away from the river:
More open grassland with scattered trees
Good for cheetah sightings
Large buffalo and zebra herds
Requires 4x4 vehicle to access most areas
Chitake Springs
A remote southern section of the park:
Dramatic dry riverbed with underground springs
Famous for intense predator-prey interactions
Not for the faint-hearted; camping here puts you in the middle of wildlife action
Limited facilities and high level of self-sufficiency required
Mana Pools is Zimbabwe’s premier destination for walking safaris:
Guided Walks:
Led by highly qualified professional guides with firearms
Option for short morning walks or full-day expeditions
Focus on tracking predators and approaching elephants safely
Small groups (maximum 6-8 people) for optimal experience
Self-Guided Walking (for experienced visitors):
Unique opportunity for independent exploration
Requires signing indemnity forms and demonstrating adequate experience
Stay within designated areas (usually riverfront zone)
Strict safety protocols must be followed
Safety Note: Walking safaris involve inherent risks. Always follow guide instructions precisely and maintain appropriate distances from wildlife.
Paddling the Zambezi offers an unforgettable perspective:
Day Trips:
3-5 hour guided excursions with operators from main camps
No previous experience necessary
Excellent for close hippo and crocodile viewing
Beautiful riverside scenery and birding
Multi-Day Expeditions:
2-5 day supported trips camping on islands or mainland
Professional guides manage safety around river wildlife
All equipment and catering provided by operators
Paddling between 10-20 km per day at relaxed pace
Extraordinary way to experience the Zambezi ecosystem
Popular Operators:
Mana Canoe Trails
African Bush Camps
Natureways Safaris
Traditional safari game drives explore areas less accessible on foot:
Typically conducted in early morning and late afternoon
Open vehicles for optimal visibility
Access to inland areas away from river
Night drives permitted when staying at private concessions
Opportunity to cover more ground than walking safaris
Note: Some remote areas require experienced 4x4 driving skills and often two-vehicle convoys for safety.
Mana Pools offers accommodations across various budgets and styles:
Chikwenya Camp
Nyamatusi Camp
Little Ruckomechi
Mana Pools Safari Lodge
Wilderness Zambezi Expeditions
John’s Camp
ZIMPARKS Main Camp
Nyamepi Campsite
Gwaya Campsite
Several operators offer seasonal tented camps that combine comfort with an authentic wilderness experience:
African Bush Camps: Seasonal Kanga Camp in the inland section
Goliath Safaris: Famous operation run by legendary guide Stretch Ferreira
Natureways Safaris: Mobile canoe safari camps along the Zambezi
These camps typically operate from May to November during the dry season.
For independent travelers, options include:
Exclusive Campsites: Private riverside sites (Ndungu, Mucheni, Nkupe) offering isolation and prime locations
Public Campsite: Nyamepi Campsite near the main gate with basic facilities
Chitake Springs Campsite: Remote, unfenced wilderness camping for the adventurous
Undeveloped Bush Camps: Available in certain areas for experienced safari-goers
Note: All camping requires advance booking through Zimbabwe Parks (ZIMPARKS) and bringing all supplies, as no shops exist in the park.
Peak Season (July-October)
The dry winter months offer exceptional wildlife viewing:
Wildlife concentrates around remaining water sources
Vegetation is sparse, improving visibility
Comfortable daytime temperatures (though October can be extremely hot)
Road conditions at their best
Peak season pricing and limited availability
Highest chance of seeing “standing elephants”
Best for: Wildlife enthusiasts, photographers, first-time visitors
Shoulder Season (May-June, November)
The transitional months offer good conditions with fewer visitors:
May-June: Still green but drying, pleasant temperatures
November: Very hot but dramatic with storm clouds and first rains
Wildlife viewing still productive
Better availability and sometimes lower rates
November brings dramatic skies excellent for photography
Best for: Value-conscious travelers, photographers, returning visitors
Green Season (December-April)
The summer rainy season presents challenges but unique rewards:
Lush, green landscapes with dramatic skies
Many animals with offspring
Excellent birdwatching with migratory species present
Limited accessibility (many roads impassable)
Most camps closed; primarily self-drive camping available
Lower rates but higher risk of disrupted plans due to weather
Best for: Adventurous travelers, bird enthusiasts, landscape photographers
Mana Pools National Park is completely closed in January and February due to heavy rains making roads impassable. Some operators begin their season in April, though most open in May.
How Much Time to Spend
Minimum: 3 nights
Recommended: 4-5 nights to experience different activities
Ideal: 7+ nights for a comprehensive wilderness experience
Getting There
By road: 4-5 hour drive from Kariba or 10-12 hours from Harare (4x4 recommended)
By air: Charter flights to Mana Main airstrip from Harare or Kariba
Combined access: Many visitors fly in and drive out (or vice versa)
What to Pack
Neutral-colored clothing (greens, browns, khaki)
Long sleeves and pants for sun protection and evening insects
Good walking shoes/boots for walking safaris
Wide-brimmed hat and high SPF sunscreen
Binoculars and camera with zoom lens
Headlamp/flashlight for camp
Insect repellent and malaria prophylaxis
Basic first aid kit
Fees & Permits
Park entrance: $20 USD per person per day for international visitors
Vehicle fee: $10 USD per day
Camping fees: $10-50 USD depending on site exclusivity
Fees payable at entrance gate in USD cash
Mana Pools faces several conservation issues:
Climate change: Altering seasonal patterns and water availability
Poaching pressure: Particularly on elephant and other valuable species
Balancing tourism: Maintaining wilderness character while allowing access
Human-wildlife conflict: In surrounding communal areas
Many lodges contribute to conservation and anti-poaching initiatives. Ask about their projects and how you can support them during your stay.
Wilderness Safety: Mana Pools is a true wilderness with inherent risks. Wildlife moves freely through all areas, including camps. Always maintain awareness, follow safety briefings, and if self-driving or walking independently, ensure you have sufficient experience and knowledge of wildlife behavior.